NCA Kaltak A Si Cang!
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SAC nih nawlngeihnak an lak ruang ah NCA minthut a rawh pin ah 2008 phunghrampi a rawk ve i NCA minthut le rianṭuannak vialte a rawk dih cang, tiah phungning tein an thanh. Cu leng ah SAC ralkap nih rammi cung ah thahnawnak atu le tu a tuah i UN upadi zul lo in thil an tuah.
NCA minthut Le hnatlaknak vialte a rawk dih cang tiah CNF, ABSDF le KNU Nih phungning tein an thanh. 2023 Oct 13 ah SAC ralkap nih ram mi cung ah ngol lo in thahnawnnak an tuah caah rampi remdaih hnatlaknak minthut le biahren vialte a rawk dih cang, tiah All Burma Students’ Democratic Front(ABSDF), KNU le CNF nih nizan October 12 ah phungning tein cathanh an chuah. NCA minthut pehzulh in dirkamhnak le ceihmainak le a ra lai mi 2024 thimnak tuah timh mi zong hi anmah nawlngeihnak caan saupi hmunhter an duh ruang ah a si tiah an langhter.
ABSDF, KNU le CNF nih ramkhel kong ah an hmuitinh an langhter mi cu SAC ralkap ramkhel ah i teltum ti lo ding, SAC ralkap cu sersiam ṭhan in mi zapi nih thim mi cozah uknak tang ah chiah ding, mi zapi nih cohlan khawh mi Federal Democracy ah hram a bunh mi phunghram pi serchuah ding, ram buai lio chung ah namneh mi hna nih tlukruannak an hmuh ding, dohthlennak chung ah tlukruannak rian ser chuah ding le rianṭuanchuah khawh nak caah ramkip nih telpinak, IT lei bawmhchanhnak, ramdang mi nih hlathlainak tuah le tangka in bawmhnak pek ding hna an si.
Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement- NCA; Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement (NCA) cu Kawlram pumpi huap in tlangcung hriamtlai phu hna le kawl cozah karlak ah kahngol hnatlaknak a si. 2011 kum ah President Thein Sein nih tlangcung hriamtlai phu vialte (Ethnic Armed Organizations, a tawinak in EAO tiah ka hman lai) he remdaihnak kan tuah lai i, ramkhel biaruahnak zong kan tuah lai tiah a thanh. EAO chung in phu tampi nih President Thein Sein cathanh cu an cohlan I remdaihnak ser hram an hun thawk.
A voikhatnak NCA hnatlaknak min thut hi October 15, 2015 ah a si. Hi lio ahhin hriamtlai phu 21 lak ah phu 8 lawng nih min an rak thut. February 13, 2018 ah phuhnih nih an thut chap caah atu tiang ah NCA minthu kho mi phu (10) an si.
U Thein Sein cozah chan (2015) ah minsen an rak thut mi rampi kahdaih hnathlaknak kum 6 tlin camtuak cu nihin ah Naypyidaw ah a tawinak in tuah a si nain CNF le KNU an rak kai lo. CNF an kai lo nak kong he pehtlai in CNF Vice President-2 Dr. Lian Hmung Sakhong nih, NCA ti mi cu tlangcung hriamtlai bu hna le Myanmar ramkomh cozah karlak ah rak thut mi hnatlaknak a si. Kum 6 tlin camtuak hi mipi thim mi cozah nih an tuah mi si sehlaw kan kai ko hnga. Sihmanhsehlaw, SAC nih uknak an chuh hnu in NCA hi sullam a ngei lo mi bantuk ah aa chuah cang tiah Irrawaddy thawngzamhnak ah a rak chim.
KNU nih nihin ah cathanh an chuah ve nak ah, SAC nih uknak a lak ruang ah Myanmar rammi dihlak namneh le hrem an tuar. Myanmar rampi a tlu ding mi dirhmun ah a phan cang. Federal Democracy rampi sernak kong he pehtlai in SAC nih phungning in ca a chuah a herh i, Myanmar ramkhel chumtual in a chuah zong a herh, tiah an rak langhter.
2022 kum ah NCA kum 7 tlin camtuaknak ah RCSS, NMSP, ABSDF, KNLA-PC, DKBA, LDU, ALP le PNLO hna hi an rak kai hna. 2023 kum October thla 15 ah NCA kum 8 tlinnak zong tuah than an timh.
RCSS၊ PNLO၊ LDU ၊ ALP၊ (DKBA)၊ (KNU/KNLA-PC) le (NMSP) in nihin 2023 kum ah lutlai a tuan ti lo mi hruaitu hlun cheukhat zong Naypyiraw an rak phan cang.
NCA hnatlaknak min a rak thu mi phu hna; All Burma Students’ Democratic Front (ABSDF), Arakan Libration Party (ALP), Chin Naitonal Front (CNF), Democratic Karen Benevolent Army (DKBA)
Karen National Union (KNU), Karen National Union/Karen National Libration Army- Peace Council (KNU/KNLA-PC), Lahu Democratic Union (LDU), New Mon State Party (NMSP), Pa’O National Libration Organization (PNLO), Restoration Council for Shan State (RCSS/SSA),
NCA minthu lo mi hriamtlai phu Arakan Army (AA), Arakan National Council (ANC), Kachin Independent Organization (KIO), Shan State Progressive Party (SSPP), United Wa State Party (UWSP), Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA), T’ang National Library Army (TNLA), National Democratic Alliance Army (NDAA), National Socialist Council of Nagaland – Khaplang (NSCN-K), Karenni National Progressive Party (KNPP), Wa National Organization (WNO)
UWSA le NDAA khi cu Tuluk velchum tang ah thuk tuk in a um cang mi an si pin ah, Federal le Democracy zong a lungum lo mi an si. Atu anmah uk khawh mi hmunhma ah khin Communist ukning phung an hmang cuahmah caah NCA minthu ding zong ah ruahchan mi an si lo.
Kahdaihnak NCA Nih Myanmar Ram Dirhmun A Tawlrel Kho Lai Lo; Myanmar ramchung vialte kahdaih hnatlaknak minthut a si mi Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement-NCA cu 2015 ah hriamtlaih caan a sau cang mi tlangcung hriamtlai phu cheukhat telh in hriamtlai phu 10 nih min an thut i ralkap he kahdohnak an dirter. Asinain 2021 ah ralkap nih hramhram in uknak a lak ṭhan hnu ah a hram a fek cang mi hramhram uknak hrawh ding in NCA cu hnu chit tak in dothlennak ah thuk pi in aa teltum mi phu 3 chung ah CNF/CNA zong aa tel ve.
CNF le NUG karlak ah hramhram uknak doh ding le Federal Democracy phunghram ser le hman khawh nak caah kaphnih hnatlaknak cu 2021 May 29 ah min an thut. CNF hi hramhram in uknak lak a si hnu ah ralkap phu hruaitu Min Aung Hliang nih sawm mi daihnak kong ceihhmainak zong ah a kai lo mi a si. SAC nih NCA kum 8 tlinnak puai cu Naypyitaw ah hlunghlai tak in tuah ding in timhtuahnak a ngeih mi kong he pehtlai in CNF chimphuannak nawl a ngeitu Salai Htet Ni cu Myanmar Now nih biahalnak a tuah mi a si. Cucu The Chinland Post nih aa tlak ning in laica in kan leh chin mi a si.
Myanmar Now: NCA ah min a thu mi tlangcung hriamtlai phu hruaitu pawl an sawm mi hna a um. CNF tah nan kai lai maw? Salai Htet Ni: Hramhram in uknak lak a si hnu thawk in NCA hi kan zum kho ti lo. Cucaah kanmah Policy ning cun nihin ni tiang kannih cu aa thleng rih lo. A tawi fiannak in kan chim a si ahcun kan kai lai lo tiah chim ka duh.
Myanmar Now: NCA hi CNF nih zeitin dah nan pomning a si? Salai Htet Ni: NCA hnatlaknak minthut hi hramhram in uknak lak a si hlan ahcun Myanmar ram buainak he pehtlai in a phi a um kho tiah kan rak ruah. Asinain hramhram in uknak lak a si hnu, Pau Dothlennak aa thawk bak in NCA dirhmun lawng nih hin Myanmar ram buainak hi a tawlrel kho ti lai lo. Mah hi cu mipi le SAC karlak ah a cang mi ramkhel buainak a si cang. Cucaah NCA tluk a hme mi te nih hin cun Myanmar ram buainak hi a tawlrel kho ti lai lo. Cucaah NCA cu a tak in ṭuanchuah mi a si lo tiah chim ka duh.
Myanmar Now: Atu hi daihnak kong biaruahnak ah pehzulh in an sawm hna. Asinain a taktak dirhmun ah vanlei kahdohnak, vawlei lei kahdohnak hna hi hmun kip ah a cang. Hi kong he pehtlai in tah zeidah chim na duh? Salai Htet Ni: SAC hruaitu nih NCA aa tlaih peng mi hi ramkhel dirhmun chung in luatnak a kawl mi a si, cun vawlei cung ram kip sin ah daihnak kong ka tuah tiah aa langhter mi a si. Cun ramkhel chung ah hmailei caan saupi tiang aa teltum khawh nakhnga a tuah mi a si.
Khatlei ah mipi zong ngan lo in kahdohnak vanlawng hmang in mipi inn, mipi nunnak zong ruat lo in hramhram in mipi a thah hna. Khatlei ah NCA hmang in ramkhel, daihnak ka tuah tiah aa maimilh. Cubantuk dirhmun cu zumh awk a ṭha lo mi, a sullam um lo mi thiltuah a si. NCA ah min a thu mi hriamtlai cheukhat zong amah nih aa ngeih hna.
NCA ning in a kal mi phu he cun kahdohnak lei buainak zeihmanh an ngei lo. Cucaah a thiltuah hi sullam a ngei lo. Cucaah NCA tiah min a auh duh ahcun Stakeholders pawl zapi teltumnak dirhmun a tuah a herh. Cubantuk tuahnak ding ahcun Pre conditions ah a tuah ding thil tampi a um. Bianabia ah, Myanmar ram pumpi a huap kho mi kahdaihnak phun, ralkap hi ramkhel ah kan i tel hrimhrim ti lai lo ti mi aa-mah-khan phun a tuah ahcun kan ruah awk a ṭha ko hnga. Atu cu cubantuk siloin NCA kha khamnak ah hmang in a tuah mi thil pawl hi zumh awk a tlak mi dirhmun a ngeih lo caah a si ko hrimhrim lo.
Myanmar Now: NCA hnatlaknak ah aa tel mi hnatlaknak pawl hi tah a tak ah a muru an kheng maw? Zeitin nan hmuh? Salai Htet Ni: A taktak ahcun NCA ah min a thu mi kan si. Cun ramkhel kong biaruahnak zong kan rak tuah. Ramkhel kong biaruahnak hi a phuphu in kan tuah. Kanmah tlangcung hriamtlai phu pawl, ralkap, ramkhel party pawl, cozah le adang teltum a herh mi pawl tiah phu 5 in kan tuah.
Hramhram in uknak lak a si hnu ah cu vialte cu an um ti lo. Hramhram in uknak an lak ruang ah ramkhel party pawl zong an um ti lo. Cozah zong a um ti lo. Tlangcung hriamtlai phu le ralkap lawng an tan caah NCA zulhphung he aa kalh cikcek. Cucaah NCA a buar mi hi ralkap phu an si. Cun anmah nih an ṭial mi 2008 phunghram zong an buar mi anmah ṭhiamṭhiam. Cucaah nihin NCA order pawl hi zeihmanh a muru um ti lo mi sawmnak a si. Cucaah NCA cu zeihmanh sullam a ngei ti lo. A muru zong um ti lo.
Myanmar Now: Federal Democracy ram sernak ding ah, NCA minthut nih a bawm kho maw? Bianabia ah kahdaihnak kong biaruahnak, Federal Democracy ram dirh a si ahcun ralkap hruaitu pawl nih an chim mi hi a tak ah a si kho maw? Salai Htet Ni: A si kho lo, kahdaihnak hi zeitluk voi tampi kan tuah zong ah NCA ah min a thu mi phu pawl hmanh nih zumhnak an ngei ti lo. Cun NCA ah min a thu mi hi phu 10 kan si.
Kan ram ah hriamtlai phu hi phu 10 lawng kan um lo. A tlawmbik phu 17 kan um. Kahdaihnak minthut pawl, NCA hi a hlan tein 2008 phunghram tang ah a um mi a si. Kanmah Policy ning tein ramkhel kong biaruahnak kan kai lai tiah min kan rak thut mi a si. A thu lo mi zong an um. Atu Federal Democracy sernak ah NCA hi cu Federal ram sernak he zeihmanh aa pehtlai lo. A tak ah ṭuanchuah khawh a si lo လက်တွေ့မကျဘူး). Zeiruang kan ti a si ahcun Pau Dothlennak aa thawk bak in ramkhel dirhmun hi NCA dirhmun lawng in a ngah ti lo.
Myanmar Now: Atulio Myanmar ram dirhmun thlennawn khawh nakhnga NCA nih a tawlrel khawh lo ahcun zeibantuk lam in dah kal ding a si? Salai Htet Ni: Pau Dothlennak aa thawk ning hi a hram a um lo. Cucaah ramkhel buainak hi cu tonbiaruahnak in tawlrel a hau ko. Mah hi cu tuah lo a ngah lo mi a si. Kahdohnak in ramkhel buainak tawlrel a si lo. Kahdohnak hi ramkhel tang ah a um mi a si.
Cucaah ramkhel buainak tawlrel khawh nak ding ahcun dothlennak ah aa tel mi Stakeholders vialte an i tel ve cang i vawlei pi nih naihniam tein zohkhenhnak tang ah aa-mah-khan um tein kan tuah ahcun hmual a ngei bik a si lai. Cubantuk in kan tuah hlan ah ralkap phu nih mipi thahnawnnak hi a dihdonghter hmasa hrimhrim a hau (Without Exception). Cubantuk dirhmun, Pre conditions pawl a tuah a herh tiah chim ka duh.
Myanmar Now: Cubantuk dirhmun cu zeitik caan ah dah a phak khawh lai? Atulio dirhmun hi tah cubantuk dirhmun cu a phan deng maw? Salai Htet Ni: Zeitik caan ah dah a phak lai ti mi cu ralkap phu zia cung ah aa hngat cikcek. Kannih cu Pau Dothlennak ah mipi, a kan cawmtu mipi hi kan zangfak hna. Asinain ralkap phu cu a dongh tiang an kal ko lai. Zeiruang kan ti a si ahcun ramkhel chung in zeitik hmanh ah chuah aa tim lo. Cucaah a biapi in ralkap phu he biaruahnak a ngei mi kha kan hrawh cikcek hna a hau ko. Mah lam dah ti lo, adang lam thim awk kan ngei lo.
Myanmar Now: NCA kum 8 tlinnak puai ah a kai ding phu zong an um bantuk in ralkap he biaruahnak a ngei mi phu zong an um caah cubantuk phu hna sin ah zei bia dah chim na duh? Salai Htet Ni: NCA kum 8 tlinnak puai a kai mi phu pawl umnak ah zeibantuk kahdohnak, vanlawng in bomthlaknak le mipi thihlohnak hmanh a um lo. Tuah awk ngeih lo ah an tuah mi a si. Cucaah ramkhel dirhmun hi kanmah hmunhma ca lawng ruat lo in ram pumpi dirhmun, kan hmuitinh aa khat mi Federal Democracy ram ser ding ti mi a si caah mah phu le mah hmunhma ca lawng ah tuah ding hrimhrim a si lo.
Cucaah NCA a kai ding mi phu pawl nih mipi pawl kan ruah chih hna a herh. Kan dirh mi rampi hi a muru a um mi ramkomh a si khawh nakhnga NCA hi hnu mer tak ding hi ka duh bik mi a si.
Myanmar Now: Adang chim chap na duh mi a um maw? Salai Htet Ni: Kan mipi hna nih Pau Dothlennak ah an sining dihlak pek in an thi cang. Kan dirhmun hi kan i tinh mi kan phak hlan lo kan thazang dihlak in ṭuanchuah dah ti lo adang zeihmanh a um lo.
Kan lungrawh awk zong a um lo. Ralkap nih cun kan ram hi nikhat hnu nikhat False State ah an phakter thluahmah ti hi zapi kan theih mi a si. Mah kha mipi theihter kan duh hna. Cun NCA aa tlaih lengmang mi tlangcung hriamtlai phu hna nih NCA ruang ah ralkap phu an nunkhua sauter in hmailei caan ah kan ram hrawktu ah min telh (သမိုင်း တရားခံ) kan si lo ding kha a biapi tiah chim ka duh.